英文 CH06 Unit 6 Our Changing Cities ·測驗
難度由「基礎 → 進階 → 挑戰」遞增;挑戰題權重較高。作答後按下方「交卷計分」。
精熟閘門:總分 ≥ 80%。未達建議回對應章頁複習「易錯點/歸納」再重做。
基礎
權重 ×1
Many wild animals do not **thrive** in zoos; they need the wild. thrive=?
exist barely(勉強存在)
live successfully(成功生存)
have babies(生育)
escape(逃走)
解答:live successfully(成功生存)。thrive=繁盛、成功生存(live successfully),不只是勉強存活。
Chemicals from factories can **contaminate** a city's water supply. contaminate=?
clean(清潔)
make it dirty or less pure(汙染)
freeze(結冰)
store(儲存)
解答:make it dirty or less pure(汙染)。contaminate=加入有害物質弄髒、汙染。
Some animals are naturally **suited to** city life. suited to=?
opposed to(反對)
well matched for(適合)
afraid of(害怕)
tired of(厭倦)
解答:well matched for(適合)。suited to=適合、與某情境匹配良好。
An **aggressive** dog can be frightening and dangerous. aggressive=?
large and heavy(大而重)
lonely(孤單)
threatening and unfriendly(有攻擊性的)
old(老的)
解答:threatening and unfriendly(有攻擊性的)。aggressive=有攻擊性的、具威脅而不友善(≠ 大隻)。
Mount Denali is very steep; in some places the rock is almost **vertical**. vertical=?
flat(平的)
at a 90-degree angle from the ground(垂直)
underground(地下)
wet(濕的)
解答:at a 90-degree angle from the ground(垂直)。vertical=垂直的,與地面呈 90 度。
Farmers wait for the right time to **harvest** their crops. harvest=?
plant(種植)
water(澆水)
pick and collect crops(採收)
sell(販售)
解答:pick and collect crops(採收)。harvest=採收、收成(pick and collect crops)。
The UK has to **import** a large part of its food supply. import=?
grow(種植)
bring in goods from another country(進口)
throw away(丟棄)
export(出口)
解答:bring in goods from another country(進口)。import=從他國引進貨物、進口(≠ export 出口)。
Some animals hide in trees to avoid **predators**. predators=?
harmful diseases(有害疾病)
competitors(競爭者)
animals that kill other animals(掠食者)
weather(天氣)
解答:animals that kill other animals(掠食者)。predators=獵食其他動物的掠食者。
進階
權重 ×2
Reading 1「Wild in the City」全文主旨最接近?
Urban animals are more successful than wild ones.(都市動物比野生動物成功)
Human activity has led to evolutionary and behavioral changes in urban animals.(人類活動帶來都市動物的演化與行為改變)
Living in cities causes genetic changes only.(只造成基因改變)
All animals thrive in cities.(所有動物都繁盛)
解答:Human activity has led to evolutionary and behavioral changes in urban animals.(人類活動帶來都市動物的演化與行為改變)。主旨需涵蓋全文:人類活動同時帶動行為與演化兩種改變。其餘是過度概括或單一面向。
下列哪一項是「外型/基因的演化改變」,而非動物自學的「行為改變」?
foxes 改在夜間獵食
Akita 烏鴉用車輪輾開堅果
cliff swallows 翅膀變短
juncos 改變擇偶偏好
解答:cliff swallows 翅膀變短。崖燕翅膀變短是基因層次、跨世代的演化;狐狸夜獵、烏鴉借車、junco 擇偶屬行為改變(不傳基因)。
依 Reading 2,垂直農場 (vertical farming) 為何不需要 pesticides?
因為作物有抗蟲基因
因為在密閉受控環境、昆蟲不構成威脅
因為農民手動抓蟲
因為種在土裡
解答:因為在密閉受控環境、昆蟲不構成威脅。垂直農場在 controlled environment,insects are not a threat,故不需農藥。
Critics 認為垂直農場 **impractical** 的理由,下列何者**不**屬於?
目前只能種綠葉蔬菜、作物範圍窄
仰賴非再生能源發的電來照明
建置與營運成本很高
用水比傳統農場多很多
解答:用水比傳統農場多很多。垂直農場其實省水 70-90%(這是優點)。critics 三點是:作物範圍窄、靠非再生電力、成本高。
「Opponents believe that the project is too expensive.」這句在論證中是?
counterargument(反論)
refutation(反駁)
thesis(主旨句)
example(舉例)
解答:counterargument(反論)。Opponents believe… 是引入對方反對的 counterargument。
**Random** mutations in genes are called mutations. random=?
based on science(依科學)
done by chance, not planned(隨機的)
dangerous(危險的)
rare(罕見的)
解答:done by chance, not planned(隨機的)。random=隨機、非計畫地發生(by chance)。
Beneficial **traits** can spread through a population. traits=?
goals(目標)
characteristics(特徵、特質)
descriptions(描述)
diseases(疾病)
解答:characteristics(特徵、特質)。traits=特徵、特質(characteristics)。
挑戰
權重 ×3
因果連接詞詞性:「___ the high cost, vertical farms are not yet common.」空格填?
Because(後須接子句)
Because of(後接名詞片語)
So
Therefore
解答:Because of(後接名詞片語)。後面是名詞片語 the high cost,須用介系詞 because of;because 須接完整子句(because the cost is high)。
「Birds with shorter wings survived. ___, genes for short wings became more common.」空格填?
Because of
Due to
As a result(轉折詞,後接獨立子句)
Thanks to
解答:As a result(轉折詞,後接獨立子句)。空格後是完整獨立子句,須用轉折詞 as a result / consequently / therefore;because of / due to / thanks to 只能接名詞片語。
在「Tourist dollars are indeed attractive. However, too many communities suffer harm.」中,refutation(反駁)是哪一句?
Tourist dollars are indeed attractive.
However, too many communities suffer harm.
兩句都是讓步
兩句都是反論
解答:However, too many communities suffer harm.。第一句是 acknowledgement(讓步);However 起的第二句才是 refutation(反駁)。
(active reader)讀 Reading 2 時,最符合「主動讀者」做法的是?
全盤接受作者所有正方論點
邊讀邊想 critics 的反論,檢視作者是否成功駁倒
只看數據不看論證
跳過 critics 段落
解答:邊讀邊想 critics 的反論,檢視作者是否成功駁倒。主動讀者會主動想可能的 counterarguments,若作者成功 refute,才更該接受其論點。
(T/F/NG)依 Reading 2:「Urban indoor farms are more common in cold climates.」應判?
True
False
Not Given(文章未提)
解答:Not Given(文章未提)。文章說垂直農場可在任何氣候運作,但未比較冷暖氣候的常見程度→Not Given,NG≠False。
(cause-effect chain)Reading 1 白足鼠案例正確的因果鏈是?
住小公園 → 基因庫小、配偶選擇少 → 有利突變在族群中快速擴散
住小公園 → 食物變多 → 體型變大
進城 → 壓力小 → 一年多胎
翅膀變短 → 轉彎變快 → 躲過車
解答:住小公園 → 基因庫小、配偶選擇少 → 有利突變在族群中快速擴散。白足鼠被隔離在各自公園 → gene pool 小 → 有利突變(消化垃圾食物、抗汙染金屬)快速擴散。第三項是 junco、第四項是崖燕。
交卷計分
重做